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A prostration (Pali: ''panipāta'', Skt.: ''namas-kara'', Ch.: ''li-pai'', Jp.: ''raihai'') is a gesture used in Buddhist practice to show reverence to the Triple Gem (comprising the Buddha, his teachings, and the spiritual community) and other objects of veneration. Among Buddhists prostration is believed to be beneficial for practitioners for several reasons, including: *an experience of giving or veneration *an act to purify defilements, especially conceit *a preparatory act for meditation *an act that accumulates merit (see karma) In contemporary Western Buddhism, some teachers use prostrations as a practice unto itself,〔See, for instance, Tromge (1995), pp. 87-96.〕 while other teachers relegate prostrations to customary liturgical ritual, ancillary to meditation.〔See, for example, Aitken (1982), pp. 29-31, where he discusses such rituals as having a twofold purpose: "First, ritual helps to deepen our religious spirit and to extend its vigor to our lives. Second, ritual is an opening for the experience of forgetting the self as the words or the actions become one with you, and there is nothing else." (p. 29).〕 Prostrations may also be subsumed within sadhana repetitions of various vinyasa forms of yogic discipline, such as Trul Khor, e.g. Importantly, vinyasa forms were directly influenced from Buddhist 'impermanence' (anitya) as was the language of Patanjali's ''Yoga Sutras'' informed by Buddhist discourse. ==Theravada Buddhism== In the Pali canon, laypersons prostrating before the then-living Buddha is mentioned in several suttas.〔Khantipalo (1982). In addition to making this general statement, Khantipalo quotes an example of lay people prostrating before the Buddha from the Kalama Sutta (AN 3.65).〕 In Theravada Buddhism, as part of daily practice, one typically prostrates before and after chanting and meditation. On these occasions, one does typically prostrates three times: once to the Buddha, once to the Dhamma, and once to the Sangha. More generally, one can also prostrate before "any sacred object of veneration."〔Indaratana (2002), p. v.〕 Theravada Buddhists execute a type of prostration that is known as "five-point veneration" (Pali: ''patitthitapanca'') or the "five-limbed prostration" (Pali: ''pañc'anga-vandana'') where the two palms and elbows, two sets of toes and knees, and the forehead are placed on the floor.〔Indaratana (2002), p. v. Khantipalo (1982).〕 More specifically: In Thailand, traditionally, each of the three aforementioned prostrations are accompanied by the following Pali verses:〔 In Theravadin countries such as Sri Lanka, when one goes before one's teacher, in order to "open one's mind up to receive instructions," one bows and recites the phrase, "Okāsa ahaṃ bhante vandāmi" ("I pay homage to you venerable sir").〔Bhikkhu Bodhi (2006), ''Sn 2.9 Kiṃsīla Sutta — Right Conduct'' (lecture) at time 25:20, available as "Sn032" (mp3) from "Bodhi Monastery" at http://www.bodhimonastery.net/bm/about-buddhism/audio/903-audio/84-sutta-nipata.html. Before a nun (as opposed to a monk), one would presumably use ''ayye'' instead of ''bhante''.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prostration (Buddhism)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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